Benitoite is a blue coloured barium titanium cyclosilicate which forms in low pressure, high temperature environments. The benitoite gem mine is located in a small mining claim in San Benito bounty, California. A clean cut 1 carat of benitoite costs about 4000 dollars.
Larimar is a blue coloured stone of Pectolite type mineral. Larimar is only available in one place on earth, the Dominican republic.
Red diamond as the name suggests is a red coloured diamond and is the rarest type of diamond on earth. Red diamonds are made purely from carbon and get their colour due to a unique atomic structure. Currently a single carrat of red diamond cold be sold for a million dollars.
Red beryl although may look like Ruby to a few, is completely different than rubies. They come under beryl species like emeralds. It is estimated that one red beryl crystal is found for every 150,000 diamonds and is 1000 times rarer than gold.
Alexandrite is a colour changing gem of the mineral chrysoberyl. They are green coloured by day and appear bluish green at night. It was originally found in a Russian mine, however there are no more deposits left in Russia. Today the gem is being mined in Brazil, india and other parts of the world.
Taaffeite is a mineral named after its founder, Richard taaffe. It was found in 1945, in a jeweler's shop. It is one of the rarest stones and the most desirable collector's stone. It comes in a wide range of violet colours.
Black opal is the most valuable form of opals and are found in only one place on earth, Australia. A good quality black opal can cost about 10,000 dollars per carat.
Jadeite is the rarer and more expensive form of the two types of jade. They are usually green in colour and formed under very high pressure - more than their counterpart nephrite.
Tanzanite is a variety of the mineral zoisite and is usually blue-violet in colour. Tanzanite is only found in tanzania and in its rough form radiates blue, violet and red. The stone is said to be 1000x more rarer than diamond given that it is only found in one place on earth.
Painite is one of the most if not the most rarest mineral on earth. It was founded in 1950s when it was mistakes for rubies. Painite is only found in Myanmar and is worth 50,000 - 60,000 dollars per carat.
